Initial investigations suggest that it may play a role in supporting tissue regeneration, digestive processes, and protective responses against various forms of cellular stress
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Yet, as with NRF2, tumor contexts complicate interpretation: HO-1 is overexpressed in some cancers, including HCC, where it actively supports tumor progression by enhancing survival via mechanisms such as increasing cancer cell proliferation, conferring resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, and promoting angiogenesis, as indicated by its strong correlation with VEGF expression and microvascular invasion
10.1 Post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of CUL5 in tumors: from miRNAs to circRNAs MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate CUL5 expression by binding to the 3 untranslated region (3UTR) of CUL5 mRNA, forming RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs) that inhibit translation or induce mRNA degradation (162)
No exceptions
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