Clinical application of growth factors and cytokines in wound healing
Recent work has reported that metformin can reduce mHtt aggregation and restore impaired autophagy and mitochondria dysfunction via AMPK activation to protect neurons from mHtt-induced toxicity ( Figure 1
However, in OA, M2 numbers are limited and may shift toward an M1-like phenotype under sustained inflammatory stimuli, reducing their capacity to maintain iron homeostasis (109, 110).Together, these insights support the hypothesis that iron metabolism in M1 macrophages not only contributes to ferroptosis susceptibility in OA, but also represents a potential immunometabolic checkpoint for therapeutic intervention
J Endocrinol 248(3): 325335
Additionally, it is demonstrated that it can improve multiple biomarkers (such as C-reactive protein, N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide, and troponin T, among others), relieve systemic inflammation, and curtail myocardial injury [69]
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007