Users generally rate them highly for improving skin texture and radiance, though some note a lack of visible "whitening" effects.
Optical and near-infrared platforms remain common in preclinical studies because they support high-contrast visualization, externally controlled activation and coupling with photothermal or photodynamic therapy [101,102,103]
Baeshen MN, Al-Hejin AM, Bora RS, Ahmed MM, Ramadan HA, Saini KS, et al
Safety first
Acknowledgments We acknowledge the traditional custodians of the lands this project was conducted on, the Wurundjeri people of the Kulin nation, Professor Freya Fowkes (Burnet Institute) for assisting with statistical analysis, Dr Philippe Boeuf (Burnet Institute) and Professor Christian Doerig (RMIT) for helpful discussions and feedback on the manuscript, Professor Patrick Humbert (La Trobe University) for providing access to flow cytometry equipment, and The Australian Red Cross Blood Bank for the supply of human erythrocytes
Liposomal encapsulation bypasses this gastrointestinal bottleneck, delivering glutathione intact to absorption sites
