Abbreviations ACC: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase AgRP: Agouti-related peptide AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ARC: Arcuate nucleus BAT: Brown adipose tissue C/EBP: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ChREBP: Carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein CPT1: Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 CRF: Corticotropin-releasing factor DGAT1: Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 DMH: Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus DRN: Dorsal raphe nucleus ER: Endoplasmic reticulum FASN: Fatty acid synthase FFA: Free fatty acid GOAT: Ghrelin- O -acyl transferase HFD: High-fat diet GABA: -Aminobutiric acid GH: Growth hormone GHSR: Growth hormone secretagogue receptor GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1 LEAP2: Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 LHA: Lateral hypothalamic area LPL: Lipoprotein lipase MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease MOGAT2: Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 NPY: Neuropeptide Y PMOS: Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome POMC: Proopiomelanocortin PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PVH: Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus ROS: Reactive oxygen species SCN: Suprachiasmatic nucleus SIRT1: Sirtuin-1 SREBF1: Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 T2D: Type 2 diabetes UCP1: Uncoupling protein 1 VMH: Ventromedial nucleus oh hypothalamus VTA: Ventral tegmental area WAT: White adipose tissue References Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K
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